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The AMX International AMX is a ground-attack aircraft for battlefield interdiction, close air support and reconnaissance missions. It was built until 1999 by AMX International, an Italian-Brazilian joint venture. The AMX is designated A-1 by the Brazilian Air Force, and A-11 Ghibli by the Italian Air Force. The AMX is capable of operating at high subsonic speed and low altitude, by day or night, and if necessary, from bases with poorly equipped or damaged runways. Low IR signature and reduced radar equivalent cross-section help prevent detection, while low vulnerability of structure and systems aid survivability, while integrated ECM, air-to-air missiles and nose-mounted guns provide self-defence capabilities. ==Development== In early 1977, the Italian Air Force issued a requirement for 187 new-build strike fighters, which were to replace its existing Aeritalia G.91 in the close air support and reconnaissance missions, as well as the Lockheed RF-104G Starfighter also being used in the reconnaissance role.〔Gunston and Gilchrist 1993, p. 289.〕 Rather than competing for the contract, Aeritalia (now Alenia Aeronautica) and Aermacchi agreed to make a joint proposal, as both firms had been considering the development of a similar class of aircraft for some years. Aermacchi had worked on a design study for a light ground attack aircraft, designated ''MB-340'', during the early 1970s. Development work on the joint venture began in April 1978.〔Braybrook 1989, p.267.〕 The detailed definition phase of the project was completed in March 1980.〔 During 1980, the Brazilian government announced that they intended to participate in the program as a replacement for the Aermacchi MB-326. In July 1981, the Italian and Brazilian governments agreed on joint requirements for the aircraft, and Embraer was invited to join the industrial partnership.〔 An agreement was also struck to divide AMX manufacturing between the partners; for each production aircraft, Aeritalia manufactured 46.5% of the components (central fuselage, stabilisers and rudders), Aermacchi produced 22.8% (front fuselage and tail cone), and Embraer performed 29.7% of the work (wing, air intakes, pylons and drop tanks).〔 There was no duplication of work, each component of the aircraft was built at one source only. The planned requirements were 187 aircraft for Italy and 100 for Brazil.〔Warwick 1981, p. 1544.〕 A total of seven flight-capable prototypes were produced for the test program, three by Aeritalia, two by Aermacchi, and two by Embraer, as well as two static airframes. The first prototype, assembled in Italy, made its maiden flight on 15 May 1984. This first aircraft was lost on its fifth flight in an accident, resulting in the death of its pilot.〔Braybrook 1989, p.275.〕 Aside from this early loss, testing progressed smoothly and without further incident.〔Meitus 1992, pp. 223–224.〕 The first Brazilian-assembled prototype made its first flight on 16 October 1985. On 11 May 1988, the first production aircraft performed its first flight.〔 Deliveries of production aircraft to Italy began in 1988,〔 the first examples were delivered to the Brazilian Air Force during the following year.〔Lambert 1993, p. 126.〕 On 14 March 1990, the prototype two-seat AMX made its first flight.〔Gunston and Gilchrist 1993, p. 291.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「AMX International AMX」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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